Imagine pulling a penny from your coin jar that could buy you a house or a luxury car. That’s not a fantasy—it’s the reality of owning a genuine 1943 copper penny. With just a handful known to exist, this rare coin is one of the most coveted in U.S. numismatic history. While most 1943 pennies are made of steel and worth face value, a few copper specimens have fetched up to $1.7 million at auction.
So how do you know if the penny in your pocket is one of them? Let’s walk through the history, key identifiers, and expert advice that could turn your spare change into a fortune.
1943 Copper Penny
During World War II, copper was needed for military supplies like shell casings and wires. To save resources, the U.S. Mint began producing pennies in 1943 using zinc-coated steel instead of copper. However, a few leftover copper blanks—called planchets—accidentally got mixed into the production line.
The result? A tiny batch of genuine 1943 copper pennies struck in error. Because the mint never intended to create these coins, their rarity and backstory have turned them into a collector’s dream.
Only around 20 to 40 authentic examples are known across all U.S. Mints, making them one of the rarest coins ever produced.
1943 Copper Penny Overview
| Feature | Detail |
|---|---|
| Composition | 95% copper, 5% tin and zinc |
| Expected Weight | Approximately 3.11 grams |
| Market Value | $100,000 to $1.7 million |
| Rarest Variant | 1943-D (Denver Mint) copper penny |
| Known Specimens | About 20 to 40 confirmed |
| Authentication | Magnet test, scale test, expert appraisal |
Real 1943 Copper Penny
Not every 1943 penny is a jackpot. Over a billion were minted using steel, which are common and easily spotted. But if you think you’ve found one that looks like copper, here’s what to do next.
Step 1
This is the simplest and quickest check.
- Steel pennies stick to a magnet.
- Copper pennies do not.
If your 1943 penny isn’t magnetic, don’t get too excited yet—but it’s a good sign.
Step 2
Use a precision digital scale to weigh the coin.
- Steel penny: around 2.7 grams
- Copper penny: around 3.11 grams
Even small differences matter, so make sure your scale is accurate.
Step 3
Look closely at the year stamped on the coin. Counterfeiters often alter a 1948 penny to look like a 1943. Use a magnifying glass to check for signs of tampering, especially around the “3” in 1943.
Step 4
If your penny is non-magnetic and weighs correctly, contact a professional grading service like PCGS or NGC. They’ll authenticate the coin and assign it a grade, which affects the value.
Famous Sales
These coins have made headlines for their record-breaking prices:
- In 2010, the only known 1943-D copper penny sold for $1.7 million.
- A Philadelphia mint version graded MS62BN sold for $372,000 in 2021.
- A San Francisco mint version has reached over $1 million, depending on grade.
These prices often come from high-profile auction houses such as Heritage Auctions or Stack’s Bowers.
Why Are These Pennies So Rare?
The 1943 copper pennies were never meant to exist. They came about due to a simple oversight during the switch from copper to steel. A few leftover copper planchets from 1942 remained in the machines and were struck with the 1943 date. These pennies entered circulation unnoticed, only to be discovered years later.
The fact that these coins were unintentional—and so few survived—makes them extremely rare and highly valuable.
What to Do If You Think You Have One
Here’s how to handle a possible six-figure coin responsibly:
- Don’t Clean It
Cleaning can scratch the surface and drastically lower the value. - Store It Safely
Use a coin holder or capsule. Keep it away from humidity and direct sunlight. - Seek Expert Help
Reach out to reputable numismatists or send your coin to PCGS or NGC for grading. - Selling Options
Once authenticated, consider selling it through a major auction house or a private collector.
The 1943 copper penny is more than a rare coin—it’s a historical mistake turned treasure. If you ever come across a 1943 penny that doesn’t stick to a magnet and weighs slightly more than usual, don’t ignore it. That small copper coin could be your once-in-a-lifetime find.
FAQs
How rare is the 1943 copper penny?
Only 20 to 40 genuine examples are known to exist.
What is the easiest way to test it?
Use a magnet. If it doesn’t stick, it might be copper.
How much is a real 1943 copper penny worth?
Anywhere from $100,000 to $1.7 million, depending on condition.
Should I clean a rare penny before selling?
No, cleaning can lower its value. Leave it untouched.
Where can I get my coin authenticated?
Submit it to PCGS or NGC for professional grading.
